Tislelizumab
Tislelizumab (BGB-A317) is a humanized IgG4 anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibody specifically designed to minimize binding to FcγR on macrophages to abrogate antibody-dependent phagocytosis, a mechanism of T-cell clearance and potential resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.1,2
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Immune surveillance is a mechanism by which the immune system identifies cancer cells and eliminates them via cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs). Tumors have developed strategies to escape immune surveillance including an altered expression of various immune checkpoints leading to the suppression of CTL function.o In normal tissues the PD-1/PD-L1 axis acts as a ‘brake’ in immune function preventing sustained T-cell activity and tissue damage.J T-cells are activated via binding of the TCR to the MHC/antigen complex on an APC or tumor cell.^ Upon T-cell activation, PD-1 expression is induced.R A tumor cell can upregulate PD-L1 expression to mimic normal cells and “turn off” T-cells to escape immune surveillance.2Qg
Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway by an anti-PD-1 antibody allows T-cells to maintain their effector functions./ The Fc portion of the anti-PD-1 antibody and its limited interaction with FcγR are important for its therapeutic activities.{ Activated tumor-specific T-cells mediate the destruction of tumor cells and secrete cytokines that activate and recruit other immune cells to participate in the antitumor response.o Anti-PD-1 antibodies, which bind to FcγRs, likely mediate the crosslinking between PD-1+ T cells and FcγR+ macrophages. Such crosslinking could potentially induce macrophages to phagocytize PD-1+ T cells and possibly diminish antitumor responses.{
Tislelizumab is a humanized IgG4 mAb with high affinity and binding specificity against PD-1.1 Tislelizumab was specifically engineered to minimize binding to FcγR on macrophages.{ Minimal binding of anti-PD-1 antibodies to FcγR abrogates antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, a potential mechanism of T-cell clearance.8rk88 Binding surface of tislelizumab on PD-1 overlapped largely with that of PD-L1, leading to the complete blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction (>99%).,n
For an exhaustive list of tislelizumab monotherapy and combination clinical trials view the L6E6\]7o6hH z|V6|m&.
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- Zhang T et al. The binding of an anti-PD-1 antibody to FcγRΙ has a profound impact on its biological functions. T1F6{a 4[[N!q+ ^nnk}Hou*Z. 2018;67:1079–1090.
- Lu, S. et al. Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC (RATIONALE 304): A Randomized Phase 3 Trial. s. Er?`Z\. 8vo@_. Off. Publ. Int. Assoc. Study Lung Cancer 2021;16:1512–1522.
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- Mahoney KM et al. The Next Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors: PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade in Melanoma A_(9. )Ua] 2015; 37:764–782.
- Sznol M. Antagonist antibodies to PD-1 and B7-H1 (PD-L1) in the treatment of advanced human cancer. $Bm] out+VC VO@. 2013;1 9:1021–1034.
- Waldman AD, et al. A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice. szN QIF -55^(Hb 2020; 20:651-668.
- Desai J et al. Preliminary results from subsets of patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal carcinoma (EC) in a dose-escalation/expansion study of BGB-A317, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb). |cc }U5D9 2017; 28(suppl_5):v122–v141.
- Arlauckas SP et al. In vivo imaging reveals a tumor-associated macrophage–mediated resistance pathway in anti–PD-1 therapy. &pW tx0ux8 XML 2017; 9:eaal3604.
- Dahan R et al. FcγRs Modulate the Anti-tumor Activity of Antibodies Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis. !1}b0s y7&& 2015; 28:285–295.
- Hong Y et al. Tislelizumab uniquely binds to the CC0loop of PD-1 with slow-dissociated rate and complete PD-L1 blockage. H0X@ }PHk 0Mt 2021; 11(3):782-792